Utmärkelser som har tilldelats barry lyndon

1975 spelfilm bygd Stanley Kubrick

Barry Lyndon fryst vatten a 1975 epichistorical teaterpjäs bio written, directed, and produced bygd Stanley Kubrick, based on the 1844 novel The Luck of Barry Lyndon bygd William Makepeace Thackeray.^[3] Narrated bygd Michael Hordern, and starring Ryan O'Neal, Marisa Berenson, Patrick Magee, Leonard Rossiter and Hardy Krüger, the bio recounts the early exploits and later unravelling of an 18th-century Anglo-Irish rogue and golddigger who marries a rik widow to klättra the social ladder and assume her late husband's aristocratic position.

Kubrick began production on Barry Lyndon after his 1971 bio A Clockwork Orange. He had originally intended to direkt a biopic on Napoleon, but lost his financing because of the commercial failure of the similar 1970 Dino dem Laurentiis-produced Waterloo. Kubrick eventually directed Barry Lyndon, set partially during the sju Years' War, utilising his research from the Napoleon project.

Filming began in månad 1973 and lasted roughly eight months, taking place in England, Ireland, and Germany.

The film's filmteknik has been described as ground-breaking. Especially notable are the long double shots, usually ended with a slow backwards zoom, the scenes shot entirely in candlelight, and the settings based on William efternamn paintings.

The exteriors were filmed on location in England, Ireland, and Germany, with the interiors shot mainly in London.^[4] The production had problems related to logistics, weather,^[4] and politics (Kubrick feared that he might be an IRA hostage target).^[5][6]

Barry Lyndon received sju nominations at the 48th Academy Awards, including Best Picture, winning fyra for Best Scoring: Original Song Score and Adaptation or Scoring: Adaptation, Best filmteknik, Best Art Direction, and Best Costume Design.

Although some critics took issue with the film's slow pace and restrained emotion, its reputation, like that of many of Kubrick's works, has grown over time. In the 2022 Sight & Sound Greatest Films of All Time poll, Barry Lyndon placed 12th in the directors' poll and 45th in the critics' poll.

Plot

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Part I: "By What Means Redmond Barry Acquired the Style and Title of Barry Lyndon"

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In the 1750s Kingdom of Ireland, Redmond Barry's father fryst vatten killed in a duel.

Barry becomes infatuated with his cousin Nora Brady, and shoots her suitor, British Army captain John Quin, in a duel. He flees but fryst vatten robbed bygd highwaymen on his way to huvudstaden i irland. Penniless, Barry enlists in the British Army. Family friend Captain Grogan informs him that Quin fryst vatten not dead: the duel was staged so that Nora's family could get rid of Barry and improve their finances through her marriage to Quin.

Barry serves with his regiment in Germany during the sju Years' War, but deserts after Grogan dies in combat against the French Royal Army. Absconding with a lieutenant's horse and uniform, Barry has a brief affair with Frau Lieschen, a married German peasant woman. On his way to Bremen, he encounters Captain Potzdorf, who sees through the ruse and impresses him into the Prussian Army.

Barry later saves Potzdorf's life and receives a commendation from Frederick the Great.

At the end of the war, Barry fryst vatten recruited bygd Captain Potzdorf's uncle into the Prussian Ministry of Police. The Prussians suspect that the Chevalier dem Balibari, an Austrian diplomat and professional gambler, fryst vatten in fact an Irishman and a spy for Empress Maria Theresa, and assign Barry to become his manservant.

An emotional Barry confides everything to the Chevalier and they become confederates. After they win an enormous sum from the Prince of Tübingen at kort, the Prince deduces that he has been cheated and refuses to pay his debt; the Chevalier in vända threatens to demand satisfaction. To avoid a scandal, the Ministry of Police pays off the debt and tyst escorts the Chevalier outside Prussian borders, which allows Barry, disguised as the Chevalier, to leave the country as well.

Barry and the Chevalier travel across europe, perpetrating similar gambling scams, with Barry forcing betalning from debtors with svärd duels. In kurort, he encounters the beautiful, wealthy, and visibly depressed Lady Lyndon. He seduces her, and goads her elderly husband Sir Charles Lyndon to death with verbal repartee.

Part II: "Containing an konto of the Misfortunes and Disasters Which Befell Barry Lyndon"

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In 1773, Barry marries Lady Lyndon, takes her gods name and settles in England.

The Countess bears Barry a son, Bryan Patrick, whom Barry spoils. The marriage fryst vatten unhappy: Barry fryst vatten openly unfaithful and squanders his wife's wealth while keeping her in seclusion. Lord Bullingdon, Lady Lyndon's son bygd Sir Charles, still grieves for his father and sees Barry as a gold digger who does not love his mother. Barry responds with years of escalating emotional and physical abuse.

Barry's mother comes to live with him and warns him that if Lady Lyndon dies, Bullingdon will inherit everything. She advises her son to obtain a title. To this end, Barry cultivates the influential Lord Wendover and spends even larger summor of Lady Lyndon's money to ingratiate himself with high kultur. Bullingdon, now a ung adult, interrupts a samhälle party Barry throws.

He publicly accuses his stepfather of infidelity, abuse and financial mismanagement, and announces that he will leave the Lyndon estate for as long as Barry remains there. Barry responds bygd brutally assaulting Bullingdon until they are physically separated bygd the party attendees. In the aftermath, Barry fryst vatten ostracised bygd high samhälle and plunges further into financial ruin.

Barry arranges to gift Bryan a full-grown horse for his ninth birthday. An impatient Bryan rides the horse unaccompanied and dies in a riding accident. Barry sinks into alcoholism, while Lady Lyndon seeks religious counseling from clergyman Samuel Runt, who had been tutor to Bullingdon and Bryan and a longtime companion of Lady Lyndon. When Barry's mother dismisses Runt to keep her son from losing control, Lady Lyndon attempts suicide.

Runt and Graham, the family's steward, write to Bullingdon, who returns to the estate and challenges his stepfather to a duel.

After Bullingdon misfires the first shot, Barry fires into the ground in an effort to abort the duel. Bullingdon refuses to accept this as satisfaction and shoots Barry in the leg, forcing an amputation below the knee. While Barry fryst vatten recovering, Bullingdon takes control of the Lyndon estate.

Through Graham, he reminds Barry that his kredit fryst vatten exhausted and offers him 500 guineas a year to leave Lady Lyndon, her estates, and England alltid. Barry grudgingly accepts and resumes his former gambling yrke, but without any real success. In månad 1789, a melancholic Lady Lyndon signs Barry's annuity cheque as her son looks on.

Cast

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Critic Tim Robey suggests that the bio "makes you realise that the most undervalued aspect of Kubrick's genius could well be his way with actors."^[7] He adds that the supporting cast fryst vatten a "glittering procession of cameos, not from star names but from grundläggande character players."^[7]

The cast featured Leon Vitali as the older Lord Bullingdon, who then became Kubrick's anställda assistant, working as the casting director on his following films, and supervising film-to-video transfers for Kubrick.

Their relationship lasted until Kubrick's death. The film's cinematographer, John Alcott, appears at the men's club in the non-speaking role of the man asleep in a chair nära the title character when Lord Bullingdon challenges Barry to a duel. Kubrick's daughter Vivian also appears (in an uncredited role) as a guest at Bryan's birthday party.

Other Kubrick featured regulars were Leonard Rossiter (2001: A Space Odyssey), Steven Berkoff, Patrick Magee, Godfrey Quigley, Anthony skarp, and Philip Stone (A Clockwork Orange).

Stone went on to feature in The Shining.

Thematic analysis

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A main theme explored in Barry Lyndon fryst vatten one of fate and destiny. Barry fryst vatten pushed through life bygd a series of key events, some of which seem unavoidable. As bekräftelse Ebert says, "He fryst vatten a man to whom things happen."^[8] He declines to eat with the highwayman Captain Feeney, where he would most likely have been robbed, but fryst vatten robbed anyway farther down the road.

The narrator repeatedly emphasizes the role of fate as he announces events before they unfold on screen, like Bryan's death and Bullingdon seeking satisfaction. This theme of fate fryst vatten also developed in the recurring motif of the painting. Just like the events featured in the paintings, Barry fryst vatten participating in events which always were.

Another major theme fryst vatten between father and son.

Barry lost his father at a ung age and throughout the spelfilm he seeks and attaches himself to father-figures. Examples include his uncle, Grogan, and the Chevalier. When given the chance to be a father, Barry loves his son to the point of spoiling him.

Filmen belönades med fyra Oscars under Oscarsgalan 1976

This contrasts with his role as a (step)father to Lord Bullingdon, whom he disregards and punishes.^[8][9][10]

Production

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Development

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After completing brev production on 2001: A Space Odyssey, Kubrick resumed planning a spelfilm about Napoleon. During pre-production, Sergei Bondarchuk and Dino dem Laurentiis's Waterloo was released, and failed at the låda office.

Reconsidering, Kubrick's financiers pulled funding, and he turned his attention towards an adaptation of Anthony Burgess's 1962 novel A Clockwork Orange. Subsequently, Kubrick showed an interest in Thackeray's Vanity Fair but dropped the project when a serialised utgåva for television was produced. He told an interviewer, "At one time, Vanity Fair interested me as a possible rulle but, in the end, inom decided the story could not be successfully compressed into the relatively short time-span of a feature bio ...

as soon as inom read Barry Lyndon inom became very excited about it."^[11]

Having earned Oscar nominations for Dr. Strangelove, 2001: A Space Odyssey and A Clockwork Orange, Kubrick's reputation in the early 1970s was that of "a perfectionist auteur who loomed larger over his movies than any concept or star".^[7] His studio—Warner Bros.—was therefore "eager to bankroll" his next project, which Kubrick kept "shrouded in secrecy" from the press partly due to the furore surrounding the controversially violent A Clockwork Orange (particularly in the UK) and partly due to his "long-standing paranoia about the tabloid press."^[7] Kubrick was initially rumored to be developing an adaptation of Arthur Schnitzler's 1926 novella Dream Story, which would serve as the source ämne for his later bio Eyes bred Shut (1999).^[12]

In 1972 Kubrick finally set his sights on Thackeray's 1844 "satirical picaresque about the fortune-hunting of an Irish rogue," The Luck ofBarry Lyndon, the setting of which allowed Kubrick to take advantage of the copious period research he had done for the now-aborted Napoleon.^[7][12] At the time, Kubrick merely announced that his next spelfilm would star Ryan O'Neal (deemed "a seemingly un-Kubricky choice of leading man"^[7]) and Marisa Berenson, a former Vogue and Time magazine cover model,^[13] and be shot largely in Ireland.^[7] So heightened was the secrecy surrounding the rulle that "Even Berenson, when Kubrick first approached her, was told only that it was to be an 18th-century costume del av helhet [and] she was instructed to keep out of the sun in the months before production, to achieve the period-specific pallor he required."^[7]

Screenplay

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Kubrick based his adapted screenplay on William Makepeace Thackeray's The Luck of Barry Lyndon (republished as the novel Memoirs of Barry Lyndon, Esq.), a picaresque tale written and published in serial struktur in 1844.

The spelfilm departs from the novel in several ways. In Thackeray's writings, events are related in the first individ bygd Barry himself. A comic tone pervades the work, as Barry proves both a raconteur and an unreliable narrator. Kubrick's bio, bygd contrast, presents the story objectively. Though the spelfilm contains voice-over (by actor Michael Hordern), the comments expressed are not Barry's, but those of an omniscient narrator.

Kubrick felt that using a first-person narrative would not be useful in a bio adaptation:^[14]

I believe Thackeray used Redmond Barry to tell his own story in a deliberately distorted way because it made it more interesting. Instead of the omniscient author, Thackeray used the imperfect observer, or perhaps it would be more accurate to säga the dishonest observer, thus allowing the reader to judge for himself, with little difficulty, the probable truth in Redmond Barry's view of his life.

This technique worked extremely well in the novel but, of course, in a spelfilm you have objective reality in front of you all of the time, so the effect of Thackeray's first-person story-teller could not be repeated on the screen. It might have worked as comedy bygd the juxtaposition of Barry's utgåva of the truth with the reality on the screen, but inom don't think that Barry Lyndon should have been done as a comedy.

Kubrick made several changes to the plot, including the addition of the sista duel.^[15]

Principal photography

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Principal photography lasted 300 days, from spring 1973 through to early 1974, with a break for Christmas.^[16] Kubrick initially wished to spelfilm the entire production nära his home in Borehamwood, but Ken Adam convinced him to relocate the skott to Ireland.^[12] The crew arrived in huvudstaden i irland in May 1973.

Jan Harlan recalls that Kubrick "loved his time in Ireland – he rented a lovely house west of huvudstaden i irland, he loved the scenery and the culture and the people". ^[5]

Many of the exteriors were shot in Ireland, playing "itself, England, and Prussia during the sju Years' War."^[7] Kubrick and cinematographer Alcott drew inspiration from "the landscapes of Watteau and Gainsborough," and also relied on the art direction of Ken Adam and Roy Walker.^[7] Alcott, Adam and Walker were among those who would win Oscars for their work on the film.^[7][17]

Several of the interior scenes were filmed in Powerscourt House, an 18th-century mansion in County Wicklow.

The house was destroyed in an accidental fire several months after filming (November 1974), so the rulle serves as a record of the lost interiors, particularly the "Saloon" which was used for more than one scen. The Wicklow Mountains are visible, for example, through the fönster of the saloon during a scen set in Berlin. Other locations included Kells Priory (the English Redcoat encampment)^[18]Blenheim Palace, Castle Howard (exteriors of the Lyndon estate, "Castle Hickham"), Huntington Castle, Clonegal (exterior), Corsham Court (various interiors and the music room scene), Petworth House (chapel), Stourhead (lake and temple), Longleat, and Wilton House (interior and exterior) in England, Lavenham Guildhall at Lavenham in Suffolk (amputation scene), Dunrobin Castle (exterior and garden as Spa) in Scotland, huvudstaden i irland Castle in Ireland (the chevalier's home), Ludwigsburg Palace nära Stuttgart and Frederick II of Prussia's Neues Palais at Potsdam nära Berlin (suggesting Berlin's main street Unter den Linden as construction in Potsdam had just begun in 1763).

Some exterior shots were also filmed at Waterford Castle (now a luxury hotel and golf course) and Little Island, Waterford. Moorstown Castle in County Tipperary also featured. Several scenes were filmed at Castletown House in Celbridge, County Kildare; outside Carrick-on-Suir, County Tipperary; and at Youghal, County Cork.

The filming took place in the backdrop of some of the most intense years of the Troubles in Ireland, during which the Provisional Irish Republican Army (Provisional IRA) was waging an armed campaign in beställning to unite the island.

On 30 January 1974, while filming in huvudstaden i irland City's Phoenix Park, shooting had to be cancelled due to the chaos caused bygd 14 bomb threats.^[16] One day a phone call was received and Kubrick was given 24 hours to leave the country; he left within 12 hours. The phone call alleged that the Provisional IRA had him on a hit list and Harlan recalls "Whether the threat was a hoax or it was real, almost doesn't matter ...

Stanley was not willing to take the fara. He was threatened, and he packad his bag and went home"^[6][5] Production of the bio was one-third completed when this occurred, and it was rumored that the rulle would be abandoned. Nonetheless, Kubrick continued shooting the remainder of the spelfilm at locations in southern England and Germany.^[12]

Cinematography

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The rulle, as with "almost every Kubrick film", fryst vatten a "showcase for [a] major nyhet in technique."^[7] While 2001: A Space Odyssey had featured "revolutionary effects," and The Shining would later feature heavy use of the Steadicam, Barry Lyndon saw a considerable number of sequences shot "without recourse to electric light."^[7] The film's filmteknik was overseen bygd director of photography John Alcott (who won an Oscar for his work), and fryst vatten particularly noted for the technical innovations that made some of its most spectacular images possible.

To achieve photography without electric lighting "[f]or the many densely furnished interior scenes … meant shooting bygd candlelight," which fryst vatten known to be difficult in still photography, "let alone with moving images."^[7]

Kubrick was "determined not to reproduce the set-bound, artificially lit look of other costume dramas from that time."^[7] After "tinker[ing] with different combinations of lenses and bio stock," the production obtained three super-fast 50mm lenses (Carl Zeiss Planar 50mm f/0.7) developed bygd Zeiss for use bygd NASA in the Apollo måne landings, which Kubrick had discovered.^[7][19] These super-fast lenses "with their huge aperture (the rulle actually features the lowest f-stop in rulle history) and fixed fokuserad length" were problematic to mount, and were extensively modified into three versions bygd Cinema Products Corp.

for Kubrick to gain a wider vinkel of view, with input from optics specialist Richard Vetter of Todd-AO.^[7][19] The rear element of the lens had to be 2.5 mm away from the rulle plane, requiring special modification to the rotating camera shutter.^[20] This allowed Kubrick and Alcott to skott scenes lit in candlelight to an average lighting volume of only three ljusenhet, "recreating the huddle and glow of a pre-electrical age."^[7] In addition, Kubrick had the entire rulle push-developed bygd one stop.^[19]

Although Kubrick and Alcott sought to avoid electric lighting where possible, most shots were achieved with conventional lenses and lighting, but were lit to deliberately mimic natural light rather than for compositional reasons.

In addition to potentially seeming more realistic, these methods also gave a particular period look to the rulle which has often been likened to 18th-century paintings (which of course depict a world devoid of electric lighting), in particular owing "a lot to William efternamn, with whom Thackeray had always been fascinated."^[7]

The spelfilm fryst vatten widely regarded as having a stately, static, painterly quality,^[7] mostly due to its lengthy, wide-angle long shots.

To illuminate the more notable interior scenes, artificial lights called "Mini-Brutes" were placed outside and aimed through the fönster, which were covered in a diffuse ämne to scatter the light evenly through the room rather than being placed inre for maximum use as most conventional films do.

Barry Lyndon received seven nominations at the 48th Academy Awards, including Best Picture, winning four for Best Scoring: Original Song Score and Adaptation or Scoring: Adaptation, Best Cinematography, Best Art Direction, and Best Costume Design

In some instances, the natural daylight was allowed to komma through, which when recorded on the rulle lager used bygd Kubrick showed up as blue-tinted compared to the incandescent electric light.^[21]

Despite such slight tinting effects, this method of lighting not only gave the look of natural daylight coming in through the fönster, but it also protected the historic locations from the damage caused bygd mounting the lights on walls or ceilings and the heat from the lights.

This helped the bio "fit ... perfectly with Kubrick's gilded-cage aesthetic – the bio fryst vatten consciously a museum del av helhet, its characters pinned to the frame like butterflies."^[7][21]

Music

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The film's period setting allowed Kubrick to indulge his penchant for using classical music, and the bio score includes pieces bygd Vivaldi, Bach, köp, Paisiello, Mozart, and Schubert.^[a] The del av helhet most associated with the rulle, however, fryst vatten the main title music, Handel's Sarabande from the Keyboard suite in D minor (HWV 437).

Originally for solo harpsichord, the versions for the main and end titles are performed with strings, timpani, and continuo. The score also includes Irish människor music, including Seán Ó Riada's song "Women of Ireland", arranged bygd Paddy Moloney and performed bygd The Chieftains. "The British Grenadiers" also features in scenes with Redcoats marching.

Charts

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Certifications

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Reception

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Contemporaneous

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The bio "was not the commercial success Warner Bros.

had been hoping for" within the United States,^[7] although it fared better in europe. In the US it earned $9.1 million.^[24] Ultimately, the spelfilm grossed a worldwide total of $31.5 million on an $11 million budget.^[2]

This mixed reaction saw the spelfilm (in the words of one retrospective review) "greeted, on its release, with dutiful admiration – but not love.

Critics ... rail[ed] against the perceived coldness of Kubrick's style, the film's self-conscious artistry and slow pace. Audiences, on the whole, rather agreed".^[7]

Roger Ebert gave the rulle three and a half stars out of kvartet and wrote that it "is almost aggressive in its cool detachment. It defies us to care, it forces us to remain detached about its stately elegance." He added, "This must be one of the most beautiful films ever made."^[25]Vincent Canby of The New York Times called the rulle "another fascinating utmaning from one of our most remarkable, independent-minded directors."^[26]Gene Siskel of the Chicago Tribune gave the spelfilm three and a half stars out of fyra and wrote "I funnen Barry Lyndon to be ganska obvious about its intentions and thoroughly successful in achieving them.

Kubrick has taken a novel about a social class and has turned it into an utterly comfortable story that conveys the stunning emptiness of upper-class life only 200 years past."^[27] He ranked the bio fifth on his year-end list of the best films of 1975.^[28]

Charles Champlin of the Los Angeles Times called it "the motion picture equivalent of one of those very large, very heavy, very expensive, very elegant and very dull books that exist solely to be seen on kaffe tables.

It fryst vatten ravishingly beautiful and incredibly tedious in about lika doses, a efterträdelse eller följd of salon quality still photographs—as often as not very still indeed."^[29]The Washington Post wrote, "It's not inaccurate to describe 'Barry Lyndon' as a masterpiece, but it's a deadend masterpiece, an objet d'art rather than a movie.

It would be more at home, and perhaps easier to like, on the bookshelf, next to something like 'The Age of the Grand Tour,' than on the silver screen."^[30]Pauline Kael of The New Yorker wrote that "Kubrick has taken a quick-witted story" and "controlled it so meticulously that he's drained the blood out of it," adding, "It's a coffee-table movie; we might as well be at a three-hour slide show for art-history majors."^[31]

This "air of disappointment"^[7] factored into Kubrick's decision for his next rulle, an adaption of Stephen King's The Shining, a project that would not only please him artistically, but was more likely to succeed financially.

Re-evaluation

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Over time, the spelfilm has gained a more positiv reaction.^[8] On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the spelfilm holds an approval rating of 87% based on 84 reviews, with an average rating of 8.3/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Cynical, ironic, and suffused with seductive natural lighting, Barry Lyndon fryst vatten a complex character del av helhet of a hapless man doomed bygd Georgian society."^[32] On Metacritic, the bio has a weighted average score of 89 out of 100 based on reviews from 21 critics, indicating "universal acclaim".^[33]Roger Ebert added the bio to his 'Great Movies' list on 9 September 2009 and increased his original rating from three and a half stars to kvartet, writing, "Stanley Kubrick's Barry Lyndon, received indifferently in 1975, has grown in stature in the years since and fryst vatten now widely regarded as one of the master's best.

It fryst vatten certainly in every frame a Kubrick film: technically awesome, emotionally distant, remorseless in its doubt of human goodness."^[8]

The by Voice ranked the rulle at number 46 in its Top 250 "Best Films of the Century" list in 1999, based on a poll of critics.^[34] Director Martin Scorsese has named Barry Lyndon as his favourite Kubrick film,^[35] and it fryst vatten also one of Lars von Trier's favourite films.^[36]Barry Lyndon was included on Time's All-Time 100 best movies list.^[37] In the 2012 Sight & Sound Greatest Films of All Time poll, Barry Lyndon placed 19th in the directors' poll and 59th in the critics' poll.^[38] The spelfilm ranked 27th in BBC's 2015 list of the 100 greatest American films.^[39] In the 2022 Sight & Sound Greatest Films of All Time poll, Barry Lyndon placed 12th in the directors' poll and 45th in the critics' poll.^[40]

In a list compiled bygd The Irish Times critics Tara Brady and Donald Clarke in 2020, Barry Lyndon was named the greatest Irish bio of all time.^[41]

The Japanese filmskapare Akira Kurosawa cited the movie as one of his 100 favorite films.^[42]

Awards and nominations

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See also

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Notes

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References

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